Identity, Self, and Everyday Interaction
The Self in Social Context
The looking-glass self
Cooley argued that people form a sense of self by imagining how others see them and by reacting to that reflected image.
Dramaturgy
Goffman compared social life to theater. People manage impressions, maintain roles, and shift behavior depending on the audience and setting.
Labels and identity
Labeling theory shows that social reactions can shape identity and future behavior. A label can influence expectations, opportunities, and self-concept.
The idea that people act differently for different audiences is most associated with which theorist?
Goffman's dramaturgical approach emphasizes impression management.
Correct answer: Goffman
Labeling theory is especially concerned with what?
Labels can alter self-image and social trajectories.
Correct answer: How social reactions affect identity
What is one reason a person may act differently at home and at work?
Different settings involve different expectations and audiences.
Correct answer: different roles
Analyzing an interaction
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Step 1: Identify the setting and audience.
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Step 2: Note the role being performed.
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Step 3: Look for symbols, gestures, and scripts.
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Step 4: Consider whether labels are shaping expectations.
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Step 5: Ask how power affects the interaction.
Small interactions matter
Everyday encounters reproduce norms, status differences, and social boundaries, even when they seem trivial.
What is one example of impression management?
Any behavior aimed at shaping how others perceive you is acceptable.
Correct answer: dressing formally for an interview