Proteins: Structure and Function
Proteins as Cellular Workers
Amino Acids
Proteins are made from amino acids, which are small molecules linked together in chains. There are 20 common amino acids used by cells.
Protein Structure
Protein structure is often described in levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and sometimes quaternary. The final folded shape is crucial for function.
Protein Functions
Proteins can speed up reactions, build cellular structures, move molecules, transmit signals, and help defend the body.
Protein Vocabulary
What are proteins made from?
Amino acids are the monomers that join to form proteins.
Correct answer: Amino acids
Why is protein shape important?
Function depends strongly on folding and 3D structure.
Correct answer: Because a protein's shape determines how it functions and what it can bind to.
Which of the following is usually a protein function?
Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions.
Correct answer: Catalyzing reactions