The Tools of Genetic Engineering
Working With DNA
Cutting and Joining DNA
Scientists often use enzymes called restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific sequences. They may use DNA ligase to join DNA pieces together. These tools let researchers move DNA between molecules.
Copying DNA
Polymerase chain reaction, or , is a method used to make many copies of a DNA region. If a sample contains only a tiny amount of DNA, can increase it enough for analysis.
Finding and Delivering DNA
Plasmids are small circular DNA molecules often used to carry genes into bacteria. They act like delivery vehicles for genetic material.
Toolbox Idea
Genetic engineering is often about combining three jobs: cut DNA, copy DNA, and deliver DNA.
What is the main purpose of ?
is used to amplify DNA.
Correct answer: To make many copies of a DNA region
What is a plasmid often used for?
Plasmids are commonly used as DNA delivery vehicles, especially in bacteria.
Correct answer: Carrying DNA into cells
What does DNA ligase do?
DNA ligase seals breaks and connects DNA fragments.
Correct answer: It joins DNA pieces together.
Name one reason scientists use restriction enzymes.
Restriction enzymes recognize specific DNA patterns and cut there.
Correct answer: To cut DNA at specific sequences.