From Genes to Proteins
DNA becomes function
Proteins do the work
Proteins are molecules that help cells build structures, speed up reactions, carry signals, and perform many other functions. Genes provide instructions for making proteins.
A simple information flow
In general, genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. This idea is often summarized as the central dogma of molecular biology.
Core idea
A change in DNA can change the RNA or protein made from that gene, which can change a trait.
Molecule roles
What is the main product many genes help make?
Many genes code for proteins.
Correct answer: Proteins
What is the basic flow of genetic information?
This is the standard summary of how genetic instructions are used in cells.
Correct answer: DNA to RNA to protein
Why do proteins matter?
Proteins are essential workers in cells and often influence traits.
Correct answer: They perform many cell functions
How can a DNA mutation affect a trait?
If the gene product changes, the phenotype may also change.
Correct answer: It can change the protein made and therefore change cell function